Abstract: Institutional Diversity in Academic Plastic Surgery: A Collaborative Solution to Resource Limitations

RESULTS: From 2000–2013 the proportion of female surgeons among all female physicians has remained constant at 12–13%. The ratio of femaleto-male surgeons and residents has increased over time in all surgical specialties. While females outnumber males in one surgical specialty (obstetrics and gynecology), the female-to-male ratio in neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, and thoracic surgery is 1:10 or higher. This discrepancy is lower among resident physicians (1:6 or lower). Presently, the female-to-male ratio of practicing surgeons in plastic surgery is approximately 1:5 with a smaller discrepancy among plastic surgery residents (integrated: 1 to 1.5; independent: 1 to 3.0). The proportion of Asian female surgeons has increased across all specialties.